The impact of soil microorganisms on soil health: Interrelationships, mechanisms of action, and practical applications

 Abstract

Soil health is essential for sustainable agricultural development, and soil microorganisms play an indispensable role in maintaining and enhancing soil health. Soil microbial communities influence soil’s physical, chemical, and biological properties through multiple pathways, including promoting nutrient cycling, improving soil structure, decomposing pollutants, and providing biological control against pathogens and pests. This paper comprehensively reviews the complex relationships between soil microorganisms and soil health, focusing on the key mechanisms by which microbial communities contribute to soil health enhancement. It also analyzes the effects of environmental and human factors on microbial community structure and function. In addition, the study discusses the specific applications of soil microorganisms in agriculture, particularly in bioremediation, microbial fertilizers, and biocontrol agent development. This study aims to reveal how soil microorganisms impact soil health, assess their potential applications in agricultural management, and provide scientific support for sustainable agricultural development and soil resource conservation.

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